Web Myanmar Population LIVE retrieving data. In 1983, the fertility rate was 5 births per woman. H\n0. Each Buddhist aspires to achieve this experience of enlightenment. endstream endobj 42 0 obj <> endobj 43 0 obj <>stream The In general, Christian ethnic minorities are have faced discrimination in Myanmar and treatment as second-class citizens. However, while new census results are to be released in 2014, estimates indicate that roughly 89 percent of Myanmars population is Buddhist, and only 4 percent is Muslim. This article provides an analysis of the recent sectarian violence involving the minority Rohingya Muslim group in Myanmar (Burma) since June 2012. [5] Imtiaz Ahmed, The Plight of the Stateless Rohingyas (Bangladesh: The University Press Limited, 2010). hb```f``fix>w7S;?}U:dqBeChTFAA%% H$ b`b9,iRf] :b `k4#w> @ b4 0000029681 00000 n Data is not as precise as it appears. Click the image in the popup window for a people group profile. . endstream endobj 37 0 obj <> endobj 38 0 obj <> endobj 39 0 obj <>stream 0000034655 00000 n This includes 1,930 km of coastline. Are religious doctrinal differences primarily responsible for stoking intercommunal fear and hatred? endstream endobj 95 0 obj <>stream endstream endobj 40 0 obj <> endobj 41 0 obj <>stream With about four percent in Myanmars. [24] In Rakhine State, many of the police are selected from the Rakhine Buddhist community and often do not remain impartial when violence erupts between Buddhists and Muslims. This pivotal event subsequently saw the beginnings of Burman-Buddhist ethno-nationalism and the start of nationwide anti-Indian sentiment, which later evolved into anti-Muslim attitudes. [10] The 969 movement has gained many followers by labeling itself as a protector of Buddhism from aliens or non-native persons. Matthew J. Walton and Susan Hayward, Contesting Buddhist Narratives: Democratization, Nationalism, and Communal Violence in Myanmar, (2014): 4-5. The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated. Web 5 hours agoPeople walk outside of a church in the Kachin state of Myanmar where 95 percent of residents are Christian. 0000002037 00000 n 0000015224 00000 n [3] The British also welcomed wealthy money lenders (chettyars) from South India to help administer colonial Burma. In 2018, the labor force in Myanmar amounted to approximately 22.74 million people. WebConsidered as the main religion, Buddhism (mostly Theravada Buddhism) makes up more. 26 43 Ethnic minoritiessuch as the Chin, Kachin, Karin, and Rohingyainclude significant populations of Christians and Muslims. hYrF}W[*^%S,VFU5SSN`$ 3snwHE5v^'o7GgX2#4a~' Others claim that their statements against Muslims never explicitly call for violenceeven if it causes itand thus any violence that occurs is not their responsibility. 0000006478 00000 n [17] Myanmar Considers Law Restricting Inter-Faith Marriage, Australia Network News (March 1, 2014), http://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-03-01/an-myanmar-considers-law-restricting-interfaith-marriage/5292534; and Tin Maung Maung Than, Myanmar in 2013: At the Halfway Mark, Asian Survey, Vol. 1. This has resulted in significant transformations in areas such as censorship, whereby efforts by Buddhist monks to propagate anti-Muslim narratives are now facilitated by Myanmars reforms. About 87% of the population in Myanmar identify as Theravada Buddhists. The essays in this series tackle these and other salient questions pertaining to sectarianism in the MENA and Asia Pacific regions. The narrative of demographic besiegement is also fuelled by the fact that many Rohingya fail to assimilate to Burmese local customs and way of life. These laws were most common in the Middle East and North Africa, where 18 of the 20 countries (90%) in the region have laws criminalizing blasphemy and 13 of them (65%) outlaw apostasy. The prince of a small kingdom in India, he lived in opulence thanks to his familys wealth without having the slightest contact with anything outside the palace, neither with poverty, nor with misery, nor death. Illegal groups are not recognized as citizens in the country, and they have been relentlessly persecuted. Web Nearly 88 of Myanmars population identify themselves as Buddhist with other religious denominations such as Christians Muslims and Hindus making up the. While the rise of 969 and Burman-Buddhist nationalism sparked the beginning of the recent inter-religious clashes, the violence has been prolonged by an enabling environment. Sign up to receive the latest publications, event invitations, and our weekly newsletter delivered to your inbox. Approximately 2% of Burmese people are Hindu. The birth rate in Myanmar, which has been declining as well, is 17.339 births per woman. 0000008087 00000 n It is a doctrine, a philosophy based on the teaching of the Buddha contained in the Four Noble Truths: 1) The truth of suffering; 2) the cause of suffering; 3) the cessation of suffering and; 4) the path that leads to the cessation of suffering. Members of the majority Buddhist Burmese population have forcibly displaced many of the Rohingya, a Muslim minority group mainly centered in the southwest of the country. H#6^l? 9?(5S&G qa{uCiV;T(!DU4\d,mq9Hq!i Z+s)[/tnd\g:k[qPr HkxjQ!Orw],V +J1+WY#4OtF&:. [14] Unforgiving History, The Economist (November 3, 2012), http://www.economist.com/news/asia/21565638-why-buddhists-and-muslims-r. The second narrative espoused in the growing Burman-Buddhist nationalist movement is that the Rohingya started it. That is, Rohingya throughout history have rarely followed Burmese national interests, instead several times having threatened Myanmars newfound sovereignty. 0000002975 00000 n Ashin Wirathu argues that Muslim extremists are plotting to transform Myanmar into an Islamic country. Ongoing repression of Rohingya is driven by Burman Buddhist fear of Islamic encroachment into Myanmar, as well as an ongoing belief that the Rohingya could potentially threaten Burmese sovereignty by further segregating Rakhine State. This act essentially legitimized discrimination against the Rohingya, which continues today. Myanmar (Burma) is a majorly a Buddhist majority country with a significant minority population residing in the country.(Section 361) of the Constitution states that "The Union recognizes special position of ```Buddhism``` as the faith professed by the great majority of the citizens of the Union." According to both the 2016 census of the Burmese government Buddhism is the dominant religion, of 0000026659 00000 n The ethnic and religious violence in Myanmar is incredibly complex; the traumas of colonialism, poverty, the recent transition from a military government to a more democratic state, and the global war on terror all play major roles in shaping the conflict. - Few evangelicals, but many who identify as Christians. Population aged 65+ Sexual and Reproductive Health . 0000011367 00000 n From 1948 to 1961, the Rohingya Mujahideen fought to create a separate Islamic State. Among his alleged crimes. Between 1951 and 1961, the Muslim population expanded by 32.7%, 11 percentage points more than Indias overall rate of 21.6%. They believe in a Theravadan Buddhist doctrine that states that only their intention affects their karma. To date, Buddhist mobs have killed more than 200 Muslims, the majority of whom are Rohingya, and caused the displacement of more than 140,000.[9]. Skip to main content. Furthermore, the governments tacit approval of policies that discriminate against the Rohingya, coupled with the role of social media in propagating hate speech, have fostered an enabling environment that has prolonged the sectarian violence. - Few evangelicals, but significant number who identify as Christians. Are religious doctrinal differences primarily responsible for stoking intercommunal fear and hatred? GQ}^. Web Estimated Population of Myanmar in 2023. World Population Prospects (2022 Revision). Myanmar | Religion and Public Life at Harvard Divinity School 0000001544 00000 n With the military coup of 1962, about 1 million Indians were forced out of Burma, but some remained, mostly in Yangon (Rangoon), Mandalay, and in the Bago District. [21] Republic of the Union of Myanmar, Final Report of Inquiry Commission on Sectarian Violence in Rakhine State (July 8, 2013), 16, http://www.burmalibrary.org/docs15/Rakhine_Commission_Report-en-red.pdf. What cultural violence makes this structural violence seem acceptable? (7u%Vd{|>ap"N:.9c~j,1B^U#pilGd`}K H6K@>*#Eg/,gGRL$ VHS{UmN0bo]Y||YWt4@4*^Q@xqh(PG"+m1_ O3Twy(P){g]mQy^ZU3hYkKpPp\(xy-9|Z(B/`7 0YY8{]\aqzMr*fB"Y$2~DIO"frp5Toe1 E_L_1p Q]"5|R9~CM{/ ] AvSWmnY;I$|dzR2/)QgQKm&OJCuM5Lmw0DV]QJ?P3#2;aQ - Few evangelicals and few who identify as Christians. While Rohingya leaders claim to be the descendants of the precolonial Muslim community of Rakhine State, the term Rohingya only appeared in 1799 in an article on the comparative vocabulary in the Burma Empire to describe the indigenous people of Rakhine State.[1]. Burmah, as it was spelled in the 19th Century, is a local corruption of the word Myanmar", according to the same report above. (States / Districts only available for South Asia). bG^P.mW/r"> U4cT7hksC/)T~X]][/88h a NB4' $.FkRd> [7] The law did not recognize the Rohingya as an ethnic group of Myanmar, stating that any ethnic group that settled in Myanmar after 1823 (the beginning of the First Anglo-Burmese War) was not entitled to citizenship. 0 [7] Burma Citizenship Law, 15 October 1982, The United Nations Refugee Agency, http://www.refworld.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/rwmain?docid=3ae6b4f71b. However, the role of Buddhism in this conflict is clearly no less complex. Since the opening of Myanmar in 2011, President Thein Sein has pursued broad economic and political reforms of policies created by former military leaders. [10] 969 website, https://969movement.org. Data have been collected There is a significant correlation between ethnicity and religion. hVmo6+p&(8qzX ? Web Estimated Population of Myanmar in 2023. 117 0 obj <>stream Before making travel plans based on data presented here, please confirm with other sources to the extent possible. 102 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<4FE0EAC9B217F046911730C569C99152>]/Index[91 27]/Info 90 0 R/Length 69/Prev 102133/Root 92 0 R/Size 118/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream [23] See Kyaw San Wai, Western Myanmar Unrest: Partisan Portrayals Risk Extremist Implications, RSIS Commentaries 131/2012, http://dr.ntu.edu.sg/bitstream/handle/10220/8784/RSIS1312012.pdf?sequen. [23], Political reforms in Myanmar have also led to looser military control and, in some cases, a complete breakdown of law and order. 91 0 obj <> endobj What roles have state, sub-state and transnational actors played in fomenting sectarian discord? - Evangelicals have a significant presence. The analysis draws on the Centers wider body of research on global restrictions related to religion. Again in 1971, a group of Rohingya pushed to join Bangladesh during its fight for independence from East Pakistan. [26] Abuse Against Myanmars Rohingya Erodes Recent Progress, Amnesty International, (19 July 2012), http://www.amnestyusa.org/news/press-releases/abuse-against-myanmar-s-r. MYANMAR RELIGIONS THE OVERVIEW OF MYANMAR RELIGION The main religions of the country are Buddhism (89.2%), Christianity (5.0%), Islam (3.8%), dPblafLfC9. How has the cultural context of Burmese Buddhism impacted the ways in which Buddhism is practiced in the region? endstream endobj startxref Nearly 90 of the country is Buddhist and most are members of the majority. Rangoon/Yangon is the largest city and the capital of the area. Identify an example of structural violence in the case study. According to current projections, Myanmars population will see its highest number in 2054 with 62.32 million people. %PDF-1.6 % [18] Policies of Persecution Ending Abusive State Policies Against Rohingya Muslims in Myanmar, Fortify Rights (25 February 2014), http://www.fortifyrights.org/downloads/Policies_of_Persecution_Feb_25_F. WebThe United Nations Statistics Division collects, compiles and disseminates official demographic and social statistics on a wide range of topics. . The country experienced a spike in population in the 1960s, and since then the nation continues to grow, but at a slower pace. During the riots in Meiktila in March 2013, Burmese police did little, if anything, to contain the situation. Points are best estimates, but should not be taken as exact. [$- khdJV|!3/f:V_nzZmP]/T7cPOOu^pL7zyZ7MmV4fQ* Ethnic minoritiessuch as the Chin, Kachin, Karin, and The name 969 is a numerological reference to the Buddha, his teachings, and his religious community. In other words, they believe that they have only done wrong if the result of their action is what they explicitly intended. There is no doubt that during yourtrip to Myanmaryou will see plenty of Buddhist pagodas, a reminder of the importance ofreligion in Myanmar. We recommend against using %Christian Adherent and %Evangelical to calculate absolute numbers. Burma Religions - Demographics Burma Religions Factbook > Countries > Burma > Demographics Religions: Buddhist 87.9%, Christian 6.2%, Muslim 4.3%, Animist 0.8%, Hindu 0.5%, other 0.2%, none 0.1% (2014 est.) Web Chart and table of Myanmar population from 1950 to 2023. [16] Reform Fails to Help Myanmars Rohingya, IISS Strategic Comments, Vol. Little, if any, history of Christianity. He later said to a reporter: I was only doing it in accordance with Buddhas teachings. Hinduism is practised by about 890,000 people in Myanmar, [2] [3] and has been influenced by elements of Buddhism, with many Hindu temples in Myanmar housing statues of the Buddha. 0000011636 00000 n United Nations projections are also included through the year 2100. Myanmar's relatively slow population growth is predicted to continue on its current trajectory. However, the large movement of Rohingyas in 2017 has halved the number of Muslims in the country.. In this predominantly Buddhist country, Muslims are often discriminated against by the powerful nationalist movement that strives to protect Buddhist identity, thus creating a struggle for minority groups. strict military rule, new found freedom of speech permits Buddhist monks, such as U [Ashin] Wirathu, to spread ideas of religious intolerance and fan the flames of Islamaphobia.[22] Indeed, while the 969 movement has been denied the official status of a religious organization, Buddhist monks are able to freely travel the country preaching the protection of their religion and race without government intervention. Inflation Rate in Myanmar averaged 12.95 percent from 1998 until 2022, reaching an all time high of 54.02 percent in December of 2002 and a record low of -1.09 percent in December of 2011. Most Bamar, Shan, Mon, Rakhine, Karen, and many ethnic groups of Myanmar follow WebThe majority of Myanmars population is rural, with the density of settlement in each region related to agricultural production, particularly of rice. On the official 969 website, Ashin Wirathu calls for Buddhists to prominently display 969 stickers, posters, flags and other items at their home and businesses prompting further religious divisions within Burmese society. Due to decades of heavy censorship, Myanmar continues to have a hyperactive rumor mill in which information from fellow community membersbe it online of face-to-faceis given preferential treatment to news originating from official media outlets. 0000005912 00000 n 5 (1799), 237, http://www.networkmyanmar.com/images/stories/PDF12/rohingya-origins-1-r. WebApproximately 6 percent are Christians, primarily Baptists, Roman Catholics, and Anglicans, along with several small Protestant denominations. Use mouse wheel or +/- buttons to zoom the map. H\j0~ On-the-ground reality may vary from what is presented here. New media, such as Facebook, have facilitated the rapid spread of accusations, often inflaming already volatile situations. The fertility rate in Myanmar is 2.13 births per woman, which is high enough for population replacement (2.1 births per woman); however, it has been declining over the past several years, contributing to the slowing population growth rate. Today, Myanmar is the center of one of the largest refugee crises in the world. endstream endobj 27 0 obj <> endobj 28 0 obj <>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]/Properties<>>>/ExtGState<>>>/Type/Page>> endobj 29 0 obj <> endobj 30 0 obj <> endobj 31 0 obj <> endobj 32 0 obj <> endobj 33 0 obj <> endobj 34 0 obj [/ICCBased 59 0 R] endobj 35 0 obj <> endobj 36 0 obj <>stream A displayed zero can mean true zero, a very small rounded number or sometimes unknown. This is especially the case for the Muslim Rohingya ethnic group who have been living for generations on the northwestern facade of Myanmar in Rakhine State. Church planting agencies in Myanmar (Burma), Joshua Project data is drawn from many sources and of varying accuracy depending on source and editorial decisions. 0000004936 00000 n The violence has been coordinated and serious, and the UN Human Rights Office has stated that Myanmar is likely guilty of crimes against humanity or even ethnic cleansing.. What roles have state, sub-state and transnational actors played in fomenting sectarian discord? Detailed maps are often found on specific people profiles. How does gender play a role in the conflict in Myanmar. Officially, 4% of the inhabitants of Myanmar are Muslim. The population density overall is approximately 79 people per square kilometer. This glossary lists terms that are used in various places in the religion and country profiles. Web As International Crisis Group ICG pointed out in a comprehensive report published on 10 March 2023 Myanmars Buddhist clergy has largely remained silent in. In this video, we will explore the various aspects of Myanmar's religion, including its history, beliefs, practices, and the role of religion in Burmese society.We will take a closer look at the different religious practices that exist in Myanmar, including Buddhism, Christianity, Islam, and Hinduism. 2023 by selected countries in. Web Burmas population consists of Buddhists 879 percent Christians 62 percent Muslims 43 percent Animists 08 percent and Hindus 05 percent. Subscribe and receive our travel ideas and tips twice a month, Shanti Travel14 rue de Tolbiac75013 Paris. 0000012125 00000 n Many of the ethnic minorities in Myanmar are Christian, such as the Chin, the Kachins, the Karen and the Naga. As I have noted in another article, whereas during the period of the military junta ethnic tensions and separatism were held at bay by .
